Example 1: Sonya has a capital gain from one parcel of shares that she bought after 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and sold less than 12 months later.

In August 2003 Sonya bought 1,000 shares in Tulip Ltd for $1,500 including brokerage and sold them in July 2004 for $2,350. She paid $50 brokerage on the sale. The sale is a CGT event.

As Sonya bought and sold the shares within 12 months, she uses the 'other' method to calculate her capital gain as she cannot use the indexation or discount method. So her capital gain is:

$2,350 − ($1,500 + $50) = $800

As she has no other CGT event and does not have any capital losses, Sonya completes item 17 on her tax return (supplementary section) or item 9 if she uses the tax return for retirees as follows:

Example 2: Andrew has a capital gain from the sale of units which he bought before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and gave to his brother more than 12 months later.

In May 1999 Andrew bought 1,200 units in Share Trust for $1,275 including brokerage. He gave the units to his brother in August 2004. At that time they were worth $1,595.

The gift is a CGT event. As Andrew bought the units before 21 September 1999 and he owned them for more than 12 months, he can use the indexation or discount method to calculate his capital gain, whichever gives him the better result.

Indexation method

If Andrew calculates his capital gain or capital loss using the indexation method, he indexes the cost of his units and the incidental costs of buying them as follows:

CPI for September 1999 quarter ÷ CPI for June 1999 quarter

123.4 ÷ 122.3 = 1.009

His indexed cost base is worked out as follows:

His cost ($1,275) × 1.009

= $1286.48

So his capital gain is:

Discount method

If Andrew uses the discount method, his capital gain is calculated as:

Note: Andrew does not have any capital losses. If he did he would deduct any capital losses before applying the discount.

Andrew chooses the discount method because it gives him a smaller capital gain.

As he has no other CGT event and does not have any capital losses, Andrew completes item 17 on his tax return (supplementary section) as follows:

Note

If Andrew had received a non-assessable payment from the fund his cost base may have been reduced and the capital gain may have been greater. For more information, see chapter C2.

Example 3

Fatima has a capital gain from one parcel of shares which she was given before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and sold more than 12 months later.

In October 1986 Fatima was given 500 shares in FJM Ltd with a market value of $2,500. She sold the shares in October 2004 for $4,500.

The sale is a CGT event. As Fatima acquired the shares before 21 September 1999 and owned them for more than 12 months, she can use the indexation or discount method to calculate her capital gain, whichever method gives her the better result.

Indexation method

If Fatima calculates her capital gain using the indexation method, the indexation factor is:

CPI for September 1999 quarter ÷ CPI for December 1986 quarter

123.4 ÷ 79.8 = 1.5469

Her indexed cost base is:

Her cost ($2,500) × 1.546 = $3,865.00

So her capital gain is calculated as follows:

Discount method

If Fatima uses the discount method, her capital gain is calculated as:

Note: Fatima does not have any capital losses. If she did she would deduct any capital losses before applying the discount.

Fatima chooses the indexation method because it gives her a smaller capital gain.

As she has no other CGT event and does not have any capital losses, Fatima completes item 17 on her tax return (supplementary section) or item 9 if she uses the tax return for retirees as follows:

Example 4: Colin has a capital gain from some units he bought after 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and redeemed less than 12 months later.

Colin bought 500 units in Equity Trust for $3,500 in October 2004 and redeemed them in June 2005 for $5,000 by switching or transferring his units from a share fund to a property fund. The redeeming of units is a CGT event.

As Colin owned the units for less than 12 months, he calculates his capital gain using the 'other' method. Colin's capital gain is:

As he had no other CGT event during 2004-05 and does not have any capital losses, Colin completes item 17 on his tax return (supplementary section) as follows:

Note

If Colin had received a non-assessable payment from the fund, his cost base may have been adjusted and the capital gain may have been greater. For more information, see chapter C2.

Example 5: Mei-Ling made a capital gain from some shares she bought after 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and sold more than 12 months later. She also has a net capital loss from an earlier income year.

Mei-Ling bought 400 shares in TKY Ltd for $15,000 in October 1999 and sold them for $23,000 in February 2005. The sale is a CGT event. She also has a net capital loss of $1,000 from an earlier income year that has not been applied against later year capital gains.

As she bought the shares after 21 September 1999, Mei-Ling cannot use the indexation method. However, as she owned the shares for more than 12 months and sold them after 21 September 1999, she can use the discount method. Her capital gain is:

As she has no other CGT event, Mei-Ling completes item 17 on her tax return (supplementary section) or item 9 if she uses the tax return for retirees as follows:

Example 6: Mario made a capital loss from one parcel of shares he bought before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and sold more than 12 months later.

In October 1986 Mario purchased 2,500 shares in Machinery Manufacturers Ltd for $2,650 including brokerage. He sold the shares in March 2005 for $2,300 and paid $50 brokerage. Mario also made a capital loss of $350 on some shares he sold in the 1999-2000 income year but had not made any capital gain since then that he could use to offset his capital losses.

The sale is a CGT event. Mario purchased the Machinery Manufacturers Ltd shares before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 but he made a capital loss, so neither the indexation nor the discount method applies.

Mario calculates his capital loss for the current year as follows:

The net capital losses that Mario can carry forward to reduce capital gains he may make in later income years are:

As he has no other capital gains or capital losses, Mario puts nothing at and completes item 17 on his tax return (supplementary section) or item 9 if he uses the tax return for retirees as follows:

 Example 7

Clare made capital gains from shares she bought before 11.45am (by legal time in the ACT) on 21 September 1999 and had capital losses carried forward from 2003-04.

Clare sold a parcel of 500 shares in March 2005 for $12,500 - that is, for $25 each. She had acquired the shares in March 1995 for $7,500 - that is, for $15 each. There were no brokerage costs on either purchase or sale. Clare had no other capital gains or capital losses in 2004-05, although she has $3,500 net capital losses carried forward from previous years.

Because Clare owned the shares for more than 12 months and acquired the shares before September 1999 she can use the CGT discount method or the indexation method to work out her capital gains - whichever gives her a better result. Clare firstly works out her net capital gain by applying both the discount method and the indexation method to the whole parcel of shares:

Note: $7,500 × (123.4 ÷ 114.7 = 1.076)

Because each share is a separate asset, Clare can use different methods to work out her capital gains for shares within the parcel. The lowest net capital gain would result from her applying the indexation method to sufficient shares to absorb the capital loss (or as much of the capital loss as she can) and apply the discount method to any remaining shares. Clare therefore applies the indexation method to the sale of 395 (see Note 2) shares and the discount method to the remaining 105. She works out her net capital gain as follows:

As she has no other capital gains or capital losses, Clare puts nothing at V, $4,550 at H ($3,500 + $1,050) and completes item 17 on her tax return (supplementary section) or item 9 if she uses the tax return for retirees as follows:

Note 2: To calculate this, Clare worked out the capital gain made on each share using the indexation method ($4,430 ÷ 500 = 8.86) and divided the capital loss by this amount ($3,500 ÷ 8.86 = 395).