Disclaimer
This edited version has been archived due to the length of time since original publication. It should not be regarded as indicative of the ATO's current views. The law may have changed since original publication, and views in the edited version may also be affected by subsequent precedents and new approaches to the application of the law.

You cannot rely on this record in your tax affairs. It is not binding and provides you with no protection (including from any underpaid tax, penalty or interest). In addition, this record is not an authority for the purposes of establishing a reasonably arguable position for you to apply to your own circumstances. For more information on the status of edited versions of private advice and reasons we publish them, see PS LA 2008/4.

Edited version of your private ruling

Authorisation Number: 1012156954924

Ruling

Subject: Living Away From Home Allowance

Question

Is the allowance paid to your employee a living-away-from-home allowance benefit for the purposes of section 30 of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (FBTAA)?

Answer

Yes.

This ruling applies for the following periods:

Year ended 31 March 2012

Year ended 31 March 2013

The scheme commences on:

30 January 2012

Relevant facts and circumstances

The taxpayer is an employer.

The employer is based in Location A.

A new employee is employed by the taxpayer.

The employee is required to live in Location B during the employment period.

The employee made the decision to move away from their place of residence in Location B for the period of employment.

The employee has been residing in Location A.

The employee's place of residence in Location A will be rented out while they are working in Location B.

The employee's car will be transported to Location B.

The employee's furniture will be placed in storage while working in Location B.

The employee has a current driver's licence which they will maintain while working in Location B.

The employee is currently enrolled in Location A.

The employee will be renting a house in Location B.

The employee's family will be moving to Location B to live with them during the period.

The employee expects to return to Location A.

The taxpayer intends to pay the employee a living away from home allowance to cover additional food and accommodation costs incurred.

The employee will provide the taxpayer with an annual living-away-from-home allowance declaration in the required form and time frame.

Relevant legislative provisions

Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 section 30.

Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 subsection 30(1).

Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 subsection 136(1).

Reasons for decision

Question

Is the allowance paid to your employee a living-away-from-home allowance benefit for the purposes of section 30 of the FBTAA?

Detailed reasoning

Subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA defines a living away from home allowance benefit as a benefit referred to in section 30 of the FBTAA.

Section 30 of the FBTAA sets out the circumstances in which a payment to an employee will be a living-away-from-home allowance benefit.

Subsection 30(1) of the FBTAA states:

Where:

An allowance will therefore be considered to be a living away-from-home allowance benefit if it satisfies all of the following criteria:

(a) The employer pays an allowance to the employee in respect of the employee's employment

The FBTAA does not provide a definition of the term 'allowance'. However, paragraph 2 of Taxation Ruling TR 92/15, Income tax and fringe benefits tax: the difference between an allowance and a reimbursement provides the following guidance on the term's meaning:

The employee will be paid a set amount of money in respect of accommodation and food regardless of whether they actually incur the expected expenses. Given this situation, it is determined that the payment the employer will be making to the employee will be an allowance.

One of the reasons the proposed allowance is being paid is to enable the recipient to live in accommodation in, or near, the area in which the recipient carries out there employment duties for the employer and therefore the proposed allowance is being paid in respect of the employment of the employee.

This criterion is satisfied.

(b) The employee is required to live away from the employee's usual place of residence as to be able to perform the duties of that employment

To satisfy this criterion, it will need to be determined that the employee is living away from his or her usual place of residence (that is, the employee is living away from home). It also needs to be determined that it is necessary for the employee to live away from home for the employee to perform the relevant employment duties.

In determining whether the additional expenses arise as a result of the employee being required to live away from his usual place of residence it is necessary to identify the usual place of residence.

The FBTAA does not define 'usual place of residence'. However, in subsection 136(1) it does define a 'place of residence' to mean:

In the absence of a legislative reference it is relevant to refer to the ordinary meaning of 'usual'. The Macquarie Dictionary defines 'usual' to mean:

Guidelines for determining an employee's usual place of residence are provided by Miscellaneous Taxation Ruling MT 2030 Fringe benefits tax: living-away-from-home allowance benefits.

Paragraphs 15 to 18 refer to various decisions of Taxation Boards of Review relating to the former 51A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936). In referring to these decisions paragraph 14 of MT 2030 states:

Further discussion occurs at paragraphs 19 to 25. Paragraph 20 provides the following general rule:

As an example of the application of this general rule paragraph 22 states:

These principles and the various cases that have considered usual place of abode or usual place of residence were discussed by the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) in Compass Group (Vic) Pty Ltd (as trustee for White Roche & Associates Hybrid Trust) v FC of T [2008] AATA 845; 2008 ATC 10-051. At paragraphs 55 and 56 Deputy President S A Forgie said:

In the present case, the employee's family will accompany the employee to Location B. While on its own, this does not support the view that the employee is living away from home, as would be the case had for example the family had not accompanied the employee and resided at their residence in Location A, it does not necessarily prevent a conclusion that the employee is required to live away from their usual place of abode in order to perform duties as an employee.

It is considered that the 12 months absence is a temporary period of a fixed maximum duration. Even though the spouse and kids will accompany the employee in Location B, this does not prevent a conclusion that the employee is required to live away from their usual place of abode in order to perform his duties as an employee. This view is supported by Case 106 12 CTBR (NS) 616 (Case 106) in paragraph 17 of MT 2030.

In Case 106, the taxpayer was an international pilot posted by his company to London by his employer for a period of two years. He was paid a 'station allowance' for which he claimed a deduction as a "living-away-from-home" allowance under section 51A of the ITAA 1936. The Taxation Board or Review allowed his objection, in part, as the Board found the allowance was in the nature of compensation to the pilot for the additional expenses incurred by him through having to live away from his usual place of abode.

The Board said (at p 618):

The above case illustrates the following principles:

In considering the factors referred to by the AAT the following factors indicate that your employee's usual place of residence will be in their Location A residence:

Therefore, your employee will be considered to be living away from their usual place of residence.

Given the usual place of residence is in Location A and the employment duties will be performed in Location B it is accepted the employee is required to live away from their usual place of residence in order to perform the duties of employment.

This criterion is satisfied.

(c) The allowance is paid to compensate the employee for non-deductible additional expenses that the employee incurs or for both non-deductible additional expenses that the employee incurs and other disadvantages arising as a result of having to live away from home.

This criterion requires that the allowance be paid:

You have stated that the proposed allowance will be paid to the employee to compensate the employee's additional food and accommodation expenses due to the employee living away from their usual place of residence in Location A to perform their duties of employment with the employer.

It is considered that it can be concluded from all surrounding circumstances that the proposed allowance is in the nature of compensation to the employee for additional expenses incurred (not being deductible expenses) because the employee is required to live away form their place or residence in order to perform their duties of employment.

This criterion is satisfied.

Conclusion

As all the required conditions have been met, the allowance paid to the employee will be a living-away-from-home allowance benefit pursuant to subsection 30(1) of the FBTAA.

Income derived by an employee by way of the provision of a fringe benefit is non-assessable non-exempt income for income tax purposes as in accordance with subsection 23L(1) of the ITAA 1936.

This ruling is based on the living-away-from-home allowance provisions that are currently contained in sections 30 and 31 of the FBTAA.

As part of the Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook 2011-12, the Treasurer announced that the government will introduce reforms to the living-away-from-home allowance and benefits provisions. If enacted, these proposed reforms will apply from 1 July 2012.

You should note that if the law has been substantively changed, the part of the private ruling dealing with the changed law ceases to apply.

More information regarding the proposed reforms is available in:

The Treasurer's Media Release No. 148 of 2011, 'Tax Measures in Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook', 29 November 2011; and

The Consultation Paper titled 'Fringe Benefits Tax (FBT) Reform Living-away-from-home benefits', 29 November 2011.


Copyright notice

© Australian Taxation Office for the Commonwealth of Australia

You are free to copy, adapt, modify, transmit and distribute material on this website as you wish (but not in any way that suggests the ATO or the Commonwealth endorses you or any of your services or products).