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This edited version has been archived due to the length of time since original publication. It should not be regarded as indicative of the ATO's current views. The law may have changed since original publication, and views in the edited version may also be affected by subsequent precedents and new approaches to the application of the law.

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Edited version of your written advice

Authorisation Number: 1012808449685

Ruling

Subject: Residency

Question and answer

Are you a resident of Australia for taxation purposes for the period until your family joined you overseas?

Yes.

Are you a resident of Australia for taxation purposes from when your family joined you overseas?

No.

This ruling applies for the following periods:

Year ending 30 June 2015

Year ending 30 June 2016

Year ending 30 June 2017

Year ending 30 June 2018

The scheme commenced on:

The scheme has commenced.

Relevant facts and circumstances

This ruling is based on the facts stated in the description of the scheme that is set out below. If your circumstances are materially different from these facts, this ruling has no effect and you cannot rely on it. The fact sheet has more information about relying on your private ruling.

You were born in Australia.

You are a citizen of Australia.

You have gone overseas to work.

You have a visa which allows you to remain permanently overseas.

Your family joined you overseas a few months after you left Australia.

You have a work contract overseas which is for 3 years and can be extended which you intend on doing.

You will not come back to Australia during the period you are employed overseas.

You intend on being overseas on a permanent basis.

You are renting a property overseas.

Your family home in Australia is being rented out while you are overseas.

You also have an investment property which is being rented out in Australia.

You no longer have any social or sporting connections in Australia.

You are setting up social and sporting connections overseas.

Neither you nor your spouse, are eligible to contribute to the relevant commonwealth super funds.

Relevant legislative provisions:

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 995-1(1).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 Subsection 6(1).

Reasons for decision

Section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997) provides that where you are a resident of Australia for taxation purposes, your assessable income includes income gained from all sources, whether in or out of Australia. However, where you are a foreign resident, your assessable income includes only income derived from an Australian source.

The terms resident and resident of Australia, in regard to an individual, are defined in subsection 6(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936.

The definition offers four tests to ascertain whether each individual taxpayer is a resident of Australia for income tax purposes. These tests are the:

The primary test for deciding the residency status of each individual is whether they reside in Australia according to the ordinary meaning of the word resides.  If the primary test is satisfied the remaining three tests do not need to be considered as residency for Australian tax purposes has been established.

The resides (ordinary concepts) test

The outcomes of several Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) cases have determined that the word 'resides' should be given the widest meaning and there have been a number of factors identified which can assist in determining if a particular taxpayer is a resident of Australia under this test.

Recent case law decisions have considered the following factors in relation to whether the taxpayer was a resident under the 'resides' test:

These factors are similar to those which the Commissioner has said are relevant in determining the residency status of individuals in IT 2650 and Taxation Ruling TR 98/17 Income tax: residency status of individuals entering Australia.

It is important to note that not one single factor is decisive and the weight given to each factor depends on individual circumstances.

You went overseas for work purposes on dd/mm/yyyy.

Your family remained in Australia until dd/mm/yyyy at which point they left Australia to join you overseas.

You do not intend on returning to Australia for the period you are working overseas.

In the recent case of Iyengar v FCT 2011 ATC 10-222, the Administrative Appeals Tribunal held that the taxpayer was a resident of Australia, even though he was working overseas. The taxpayer's family ties, his intention (to complete his contract) and motive (to pay off his mortgage), and his maintaining an Australian place of abode while working overseas, were all indicative that he was an Australian resident during the relevant period.

Based on the facts above you were residing in Australia according to ordinary concepts for the period until your family joined you overseas as you retained a continuity of association with Australia as your family remained in Australia in the family home until they left Australia to join you overseas.

You were a resident of Australia for taxation purposes for the period until your family joined you overseas.

From until your family joined you overseas you no longer have a continuing association with Australia and you will no longer be a resident of Australia for taxation purposes.

The domicile test

If a person's domicile is Australia they will be an Australian resident unless the Commissioner is satisfied they have a permanent place of abode outside of Australia.

In order to show that a new domicile of choice in a country outside Australia has been adopted, the person must be able prove an intention to make his or her home indefinitely in that country.

The expression 'place of abode' refers to a person's residence, where they live with their family and sleep at night. In essence, a person's place of abode is that person's dwelling place or the physical surroundings in which a person lives.

A permanent place of abode does not have to be 'everlasting' or 'forever'. It does not mean an abode in which a person intends to live for the rest of his or her life. An intention to return to Australia in the foreseeable future to live does not prevent the taxpayer in the meantime setting up a permanent place of abode elsewhere.

Your domicile of origin is Australia.

The Commissioner is satisfied that you have a permanent place of abode outside Australia when your family joined you overseas for the following reasons:

You are not a resident under this test from when your family joined you.

The 183-day test

Where a person is present in Australia for 183 days during the year of income the person will be a resident, unless the Commissioner is satisfied that the person's usual place of abode is outside Australia and the person does not intend to take up residence in Australia.

You do not intend on returning to Australia for the period you are overseas country.

You are not a resident under this test for the period of your absence.

The superannuation test

An individual is still considered to be a resident if that person is eligible to contribute to the PSS or the CSS, or that person is the spouse or child under 16 of such a person. To be eligible to contribute to those schemes, you must be or have been a Commonwealth Government employee.

You and your spouse are not eligible to contribute to the relevant Commonwealth super funds.

You are not a resident under this test.

Your residency status

You are a resident of Australia for taxation purposes until your family joined you overseas.

You are not a resident of Australia for taxation purposes from when your family joined you overseas.

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