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This edited version has been archived due to the length of time since original publication. It should not be regarded as indicative of the ATO's current views. The law may have changed since original publication, and views in the edited version may also be affected by subsequent precedents and new approaches to the application of the law.

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Edited version of your written advice

Authorisation Number: 1051468640583

Date of advice: 20 December 2018

Ruling

Subject: GST and new residential premises

Question 1

Will your supply of individual apartments from your complex located in Australia (the Complex) be a taxable supply pursuant to section 9-5 of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act)?

Answer

Yes.

Question 2

Will your supply of multiple apartments in the Complex together be a taxable supply pursuant to section 9-5 of the GST Act?

Answer

Yes.

Question 3

Are you able to sell the Complex as a GST-free going concern pursuant to section 38-325 of the GST Act?

Answer

Yes, where all the requirements of section 38-325 of the GST Act are satisfied.

Relevant facts and circumstances

You, Entity A are registered for GST.

In mmyyyy you began negotiations with the owner of a property located in Australia (the Complex) in order to buy the Complex to use in your short term accommodation business. The property contained a multiple storey building that was originally constructed for specified commercial purposes and used as such until yyyy. It was then converted for use as offices and used for this purpose up to the time you acquired it.

On ddmmyyyy you engaged an architectural firm to seek approval from the relevant Authority for a planning permit to change the use of the building to residential and or visitor accommodation. Approval was provided on ddmmyyy.

On ddmmyyyy the contract for the purchase of the Property was completed and on ddmmyyyy transfer registered with Land Titles Office.

From mmyyyy until mmyyyy you undertook the necessary renovations to convert the office block into X apartments. Under the renovations you created X one bedroom apartments, X two bedroom apartments and X three bedroom apartment.

All apartments feature full sized fridges, full ovens, dishwashers, laundry, bathrooms, lounge areas and are individually heated/cooled. Two apartments have outside decks. Rooms were replastered, rewired and re-plumbed with fire rating between each apartment being the requirement for stand-alone residential classification.

The building complex has a foyer which is furnished with a couch, some artwork and plants. There is a cleaning room on each floor and the building also has X car bays.

Your property is listed on a website. This website is owned by Entity B. Entity B is also the trustee for the Entity A. The name of the Website is the trading name of the Trustee and we will use the name the Manager or trustee to refer to Entity B in this ruling depending on the context.

The website the Manager operates provides that the guests are provided a number of services. Additional undercover parking is available offsite with advance booking (additional cost). The Managers office is located off-site and guests pick up keys and return keys to this offsite office.

Other details of your operations:

The apartments were strata titled and were available to rent to guests from ddmmyyyy for short term accommodation.

We will refer to the renovated property as the ‘Complex’ in this ruling.

Management agreement

Entity B has been appointed as manager of the Complex in a separate capacity to its trustee capacity and is registered for GST.

You have advised that you intended that the arrangement between you and the Manager would be one of agency where Entity B was your agent.

You entered into ‘The Agreement for the operation of the business with the Manager on ddmmyyyy. This agreement lasted until ddmmyyyy.

In mmyyyy you entered into a new property management agreement with the Manager. The new agreement mirrors the earlier agreement for the purposes of this ruling.

Entity B is described as the Management Company in this agreement and is called by its trading name in both agreements.

The Agreement includes the following clauses set out below in summary.

Definitions

Agreement for Management of Apartment(s)

Income to Owners(s) and GST

Risk and Insurance

Rates, Taxes and Other Outgoings

Building use including Body Corporate Rules and Regulations

Marketing Levy and Marketing Fund

Condition and Fitout of Apartment(s)

Ongoing Cleaning and Maintenance or Apartments

Schedule A

In summary you are responsible for:

In summary Entity B is responsible for:

Entity B advertises accommodation in your Complex on its own website and it also uses other websites.

You are currently advertising the whole Complex for sale however you will consider all offers and you may sell individual apartments.

Where you sell an individual apartment you will supply it with vacant possession.

Where you sell the whole Complex you expect the sale to be of a fully furnished building and you expect to sell the property as a GST free going concern. You have no details of the sale as yet. It is expected that where an investor buys a unit or multiple units Entity B will be able to continue to provide management services.

Relevant legislative provisions

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act) section 9-5

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act) section 38-325

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act) section 40-65

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act) section 40-75

A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (GST Act) section 195-1

Reasons for decision

In this reasoning, please note:

You have entered into a management agreement (the Agreement) with Entity B. The Agreement is described as a property management agreement, with you agreeing that Entity B manages the apartments for the purposes of short-term accommodation. Your intention under the agreement between you and Entity B is that they would be your agent.

Goods and Services Tax Ruling GSTR 2000/37 Goods and services tax: agency relationships and the application of the law provides the following commentary on agency at paragraphs 10, 11, 12, 28 and example 6:

No single factor (by itself) is determinative and it is necessary to consider the arrangement as a whole.

We note that there are a number of factors present that would suggest that Entity B is not an agent under an agency relationship including:

However, on balance, we accept that there is an agency relationship because:

Therefore you are the supplier of the accommodation through Entity B as your agent.

Question 1

Will your supply of individual apartments from the Complex be a taxable supply pursuant to section 9-5 of the GST Act?

GST is payable on taxable supplies.

Section 9-5 provides that you make a taxable supply if:

However, the supply is not a taxable supply to the extent that it is GST-free or input taxed.

You will meet the requirements of paragraphs 9-5(a) to 9-5(d) and therefore the sales of the individual apartments or the whole complex will be taxable unless they are input taxed or GST-free.

Input taxed GST treatment for sales of residential premises

Paragraph 40-65 provides that a sale of real property is input taxed only to the extent that the property is residential premises to be used predominantly for residential accommodation regardless of the term of occupation.

However the sale is not input taxed to the extent that the residential premises are:

‘Residential premises’ is defined, in part, in section 195-1 as land or a building that:

The apartments you have created by renovating the Complex meet the definition of residential premises and therefore will be input taxed unless they are commercial residential premises or new residential premises.

Commercial residential premises

‘Commercial residential premises' are defined in section 195-1, in part, to mean:

(a) a hotel, motel, inn, hostel or boarding house

(b) …

(f) anything similar to residential premises described in paragraphs (a) to (e).

The definition of ‘commercial residential premises’ encompasses similar establishments or establishments that exhibit characteristics that place them on a similar footing to hotels, motels, inns, hostels and boarding houses. The ATO view on how GST applies to supplies of commercial residential premises and supplies of accommodation in commercial residential premises is set out in Goods and Services Tax Ruling GSTR 2012/6 Goods and services tax: commercial residential premises.

The terms hotel, motel, inn, hostel and boarding house are not defined in the GST Act and take their ordinary meaning. The following meanings sourced from the Macquarie Dictionary 5th Edition (Macquarie), the Oxford English Dictionary 2nd and 3rd editions (OED) and the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 5th Edition (SOED) are relevant in interpreting paragraph (a) of the definition:

In their ordinary meanings, these terms share the common attribute of providing accommodation to guests. Paragraph (f) of the definition of commercial residential premises extends the scope of the definition to premises that are ‘similar’ to the class of establishments described in paragraphs (a) to (e).

Premises that are ‘similar’ to establishments that are commercial residential premises must have sufficient characteristics in common with the class of premises described.

We consider that the Complex as whole does not meet (a) to (e) of the definition of commercial residential premises however the question then is whether the premises are similar to a hotel, motel, inn, hostel or boarding house for the purposes of paragraph (f). That is, whether the premises have a sufficient likeness or resemblance to any of these types of establishments. These tests necessarily raise questions of fact involving matters of impression and degree.

Paragraph 12 of GSTR 2012/6 sets out the common characteristics of operating hotels, motels, inns, hostels and boarding houses that are relevant, though not necessarily determinative, to characterising premises as commercial residential premises. Your premises exhibit all of these characteristics to some extent:

The features of hotels, motels, inns, hostels and boarding houses are set out in paragraphs 13 to 40 of GSTR 2012/6 and we consider that based on an examination of these features and the description of your Complex that it is operated in a similar manner to a hotel.

Paragraphs 14 to 25 of GSTR 2012/6 provide the features normally found in a hotel. In considering these features the following is noted:

Paragraph 41 of GSTR 2012/6 sets out some of the features of premises that are not commercial residential premises and where the accommodation would generally be treated as in input taxed supply of accommodation in residential premises:

In your case these features are generally not present:

We therefore consider that the Complex as a whole was operated in a similar manner to that of a hotel despite only having limited services and therefore was commercial residential premises.

The supply of a single apartment will be an input taxed supply of residential premises unless the residential premises are new residential premises.

New residential premises

Section 40-75 outlines when residential premise are new residential premises. Subsection 40-75(1) states:

Subsection 40-75(2) provides an exception to section 40-75. Subsection 40-75(2) states:

Relevantly, paragraph 40-75(2)(a) provides that where new residential premises are created and sold they are new residential premises unless they have been used to make only input taxed supplies for a period of 5 years or more.

In your case the premises were used to make taxable supplies of accommodation in commercial residential premises from ddmmyyyy until the current time. Although accommodation has been supplied for more than 5 years, the supplies made from the Complex were not input taxed supplies but taxable supplies of accommodation in commercial residential premises.

Therefore the sale of individual apartments will be a taxable supply of new residential premises.

Question 2

Will your supply of multiple apartments in the Complex together be a taxable supply pursuant to section 9-5 of the GST Act?

For the reasons set out in Question 1 your supply of one or more apartments will not be input taxed and therefore will be a taxable supply.

Question 3

Are you able to sell the Complex as a GST-free going concern pursuant to section 38-325 of the GST Act?

You have advised that you wanted to sell the Complex as a GST-free going concern however you have not entered into any sale contract as yet.

Subsection 38-325(1) provides that the supply of a going concern is GST-free if:

For your proposed sale, you will satisfy the requirements of subsection 38-325(1) if you:

Therefore, where your supply of the Complex meets the additional requirements of subsection 38-325(2) it will be a GST-free supply of a going concern.

Subsection 38-325(2) defines a supply of a going concern as a supply under an arrangement under which:

It follows from requirements (a) and (b) above that these requirements need to be satisfied in relation to an identified enterprise.

Goods and Services Tax Ruling GSTR 2002/5 Goods and services tax: when is a ‘supply of a going concern’ GST-free? provides the ATO view about what constitutes a ‘supply of a going concern’ for the purposes of section 38-325.

We consider that the identified enterprise in your case is the accommodation business. You will need to supply to the recipient all things necessary to continue this enterprise.

You will satisfy paragraph 38-325(2)(a) where you supply the Complex with the all things necessary to operate the accommodation enterprise.

Paragraph 38-325(2)(b) includes the further requirement that the supplier carries on, or will carry on, the enterprise until the day of the supply.

You will satisfy paragraph 38-325(b) where you are actively operating the enterprise until the day of supply.

As such, if you proceed with the sale of the Complex as outlined above your supply of the enterprise (including all things necessary to conduct the enterprise) will satisfy all the requirement of section 38-325 and your supply will be the GST-free supply of a going concern.


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