IRPD statistics 2023–24

More detailed data

For more detailed data on data.gov.au, see:

• Table 1External Link: Selected items by IRPD type, 2015–16 to 2023–24 income years
• Table 2External Link: IRP expenditure and revenue by country/jurisdiction, 2016–17 to 2023–24 income years.

IRPD snapshot

The snapshot summarises IRP expenditure and IRP revenue, including:

• total expenditure and revenue for all entities
• expenditure and revenue broken down by entity type.

Download data from the 2019–20 income year onwards at Table 3External Link.

Table 1: IRP expenditure by entity type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

Entity type	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Companies	280,278	268,491	315,054	408,107	405,734
Partnerships	545	540	752	1,077	1,073
Trusts	2,742	2,103	2,078	2,448	2,272
Total	283,565	271,134	317,884	411,631	409,079

Table 2: IRP revenue by entity type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

Entity type	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Companies	197,916	200,821	244,927	295,161	291,091
Partnerships	1,546	1,485	1,893	3,189	3,447
Trusts	1,104	1,474	1,309	1,162	1,189
Total	200,566	203,780	248,128	299,512	295,727

IRP expenditure

This section provides an overview of total IRP expenditure, including break downs by IRPD type.

Chart 2 and Chart 3 show that IRP expenditure is highly concentrated.

In the 2023–24 income year:

• Entities that disclose more than $500 million in IRP expenditure
  • account for 59% of total IRP expenditure
  • represent 1% of those that disclose IRP expenditure.
• Entities that disclose up to $10 million in IRP expenditure
  • account for 4% of total IRPD expenditure
  • represent 70% of those that disclose IRP expenditure.

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

Chart 4 shows the majority of IRP expenditure (by dollar value) relates to tangible goods of a revenue nature (purchase of trading stock and raw materials), followed by expenditure in respect of services and financial dealings.

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.The following tables provide break downs of IRP expenditure:

• Table 3 shows the total dollar value by IRPD type
• Table 4 shows entity counts, averages (means) and medians by IRPD type.

Table 3: IRP expenditure by IRPD type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

IRPD type	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Tangible property of a revenue nature	186,001	174,132	205,379	268,105	264,201
Royalties and licence fees	9,371	9,857	10,702	12,750	13,288
Rent and leasing	807	607	758	815	980
Service arrangements	49,580	51,035	60,964	74,461	80,097
Total financial dealings	31,758	29,411	32,693	45,275	39,095
a) Interest	18,023	13,585	12,482	16,999	21,904
b) Guarantees	949	705	531	507	474
c) Insurance	893	951	997	1,140	1,204
d) Reinsurance	5,941	7,077	8,204	9,495	9,340
e) Derivatives	5,005	6,579	9,822	16,588	5,738
f) Other financial	947	514	657	545	435
Share-based employee remuneration	1,281	1,381	1,757	2,312	2,462
Other IRPDs	4,767	4,712	5,631	7,913	8,955
Total	283,565	271,134	317,884	411,631	409,079

Download data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

Table 4: IRP expenditure – entity counts, averages and medians, by IRPD type, 2022–23 to 2023–24 income years

IRPD type	Entities (no.) 2022–23	Average ($) 2022–23	Median ($) 2022–23	Entities (no.) 2023–24	Average ($) 2023–24	Median ($) 2023–24
Tangible property of a revenue nature	3,474	77,174,713	6,929,824	3,510	75,271,054	6,753,121
Royalties and licence fees	1,454	8,768,713	1,116,427	1,493	8,900,447	1,092,261
Rent and leasing	171	4,768,084	653,074	173	5,662,655	1,035,436
Service arrangements	5,600	13,296,687	1,149,947	5,807	13,793,147	1,215,000
Total financial dealings	4,578	9,889,617	356,379	4,442	8,801,113	472,330
a) Interest	4,159	4,087,307	340,087	4,053	5,404,497	459,953
b) Guarantees	312	1,626,353	115,333	293	1,617,701	165,157
c) Insurance	409	2,786,186	110,333	414	2,907,458	105,799
d) Reinsurance	43	220,812,874	81,157,480	42	222,370,466	98,155,662
e) Derivatives	180	92,157,510	2,549,663	167	34,359,412	1,677,722
f) Other financial	134	4,069,249	403,925	138	3,151,163	415,364
Share-based employee remuneration	501	4,614,802	417,313	539	4,568,594	431,021
Other IRPDs	1,339	5,909,281	375,294	1,374	6,517,793	339,690
Total	8,961	45,935,796	3,132,228	9,010	45,402,739	3,308,977

In Table 4:

• Counts, averages (means) and medians are calculated excluding zeros.
• Total components do not add to the total count of entities disclosing IRP expenditure because taxpayers may disclose more than one IRPD type.

Download selected data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

IRP revenue

This section provides an overview of total IRP revenue, including break downs by IRPD type.

Chart 5 and Chart 6 show that IRP revenue is highly concentrated. In the 2023–24 income year:

• Entities that disclose more than $500 million in IRP revenue
  • account for 66% of total IRP revenue
  • represent 1% of those that disclose IRP revenue.
• Entities that disclose up to $10 million in IRP revenue
  • account for 4% of total IRP revenue
  • represent 77% of those that disclose IRP revenue.

Chart 5: IRP revenue – Pareto chart of ranged IRP revenue per entity (dollar value), 2023–24 income year

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

Chart 7 shows the majority of IRP revenue (by dollar value) relates to tangible goods of a revenue nature (sale of trading stock and raw materials), followed by revenue in respect of services and financial dealings.

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

The following tables provide break downs of IRP revenue:

• Table 5 shows the total dollar value by IRPD type
• Table 6 shows entity counts, averages (means) and medians by IRPD type.

Table 5: IRP revenue by IRPD type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

IRPD type	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Tangible property of a revenue nature	134,747	135,803	176,804	213,514	203,576
Royalties and licence fees	3,286	3,917	4,958	5,464	5,960
Rent and leasing	315	237	267	309	344
Service arrangements	40,829	40,117	44,969	53,924	57,831
Total financial dealings	15,574	18,206	14,899	18,517	20,589
a) Interest	3,716	2,820	2,431	4,837	7,932
b) Guarantees	174	243	134	71	54
c) Insurance	498	317	383	925	356
d) Reinsurance	5,770	8,825	6,181	6,976	6,813
e) Derivatives	5,214	5,737	5,630	5,450	4,998
f) Other financial	201	264	139	257	436
Share-based employee remuneration	271	261	594	494	507
Other IRPDs	5,545	5,239	5,637	7,290	6,920
Total	200,566	203,780	248,128	299,512	295,727

Download data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

Table 6: IRP revenue – counts, averages and medians, by IRPD type, 2022–23 to 2023–24 income years

IRPD type	Entities (no.) 2022–23	Average ($) 2022–23	Median ($) 2022–23	Entities (no.) 2023–24	Average ($) 2023–24	Median ($) 2023–24
Tangible property of a revenue nature	2,443	87,398,271	1,308,428	2,463	82,653,874	1,244,824
Royalties and licence fees	573	9,535,951	922,325	587	10,153,358	1,018,247
Rent and leasing	98	3,156,588	478,235	95	3,618,852	458,333
Service arrangements	4,961	10,869,513	1,778,699	5,215	11,089,306	1,914,875
Total financial dealings	2,362	7,839,450	282,105	2,401	8,575,181	429,576
a) Interest	2,165	2,234,379	231,368	2,198	3,608,777	384,154
b) Guarantees	48	1,482,068	228,441	47	1,151,509	133,610
c) Insurance	113	8,184,232	190,510	99	3,593,700	205,054
d) Reinsurance	40	174,387,568	57,524,750	37	184,142,548	76,826,937
e) Derivatives	164	33,234,508	1,841,021	157	31,834,882	2,386,274
f) Other financial	74	3,478,812	368,659	96	4,538,212	437,287
Share-based employee remuneration	85	5,815,828	503,351	89	5,699,138	492,690
Other IRPDs	1,238	5,888,132	456,546	1,296	5,339,139	481,737
Total	7,006	42,750,744	2,307,048	7,229	40,908,396	2,388,047

In Table 6:

• Counts, averages (means) and medians are calculated excluding zeros.
• Total components do not add to the total count of entities disclosing IRP revenue because taxpayers may disclose more than one IRPD type.

Download selected data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

IRP inbound borrowings

This section provides statistics for IRP inbound borrowings. The average quarterly balance of debt interests on issue to related parties (inbound borrowings) is broken down into:

• Interest-free debt, where no interest or other return is payable
• Interest-bearing debt, where interest or other return is payable.

Table 7: IRP inbound borrowings, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

IRP inbound borrowings	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Average debt balance	534,981	524,525	517,225	517,733	533,674
a) Interest-free	107,294	113,842	116,398	125,881	142,728
b) Interest-bearing	427,687	410,683	400,826	391,852	390,946
Interest expense	18,023	13,585	12,482	16,999	21,904
Implied interest rate (%)	4.2%	3.3%	3.1%	4.3%	5.6%

Table 8: IRP inbound borrowings – entity counts, averages and medians, 2022–23 to 2023–24 income years

IRP inbound borrowings	Entities (no.) 2022–23	Average ($) 2022–23	Median ($) 2022–23	Entities (no.) 2023–24	Average ($) 2023–24	Median ($) 2023–24
Average debt balance	7,180	72,107,652	6,399,301	7,115	75,006,878	6,612,707
a) Interest-free	3,787	33,240,200	3,828,189	3,804	37,520,578	3,840,824
b) Interest-bearing	4,211	93,054,454	8,179,094	4,129	94,682,892	8,712,544
Interest expense	4,159	4,087,307	340,087	4,053	5,404,497	459,953

For Table 7 and Table 8:

• Interest expense includes interest expenditure for accounting purposes and capitalised interest deducted for income tax purposes.
• The implied interest rate is calculated on interest-bearing debt and excludes some interest where no average debt balance is disclosed due to data issues.
• Entity counts for interest-free and interest-bearing debt do not add to total entity counts because the same taxpayer may issue interest-free and interest-bearing debt.
• Counts, averages (means) and medians are calculated excluding zeros.

Download selected data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

IRP outbound loans

This section provides statistics for IRP outbound loans. The average quarterly balance of debt interests held in related parties (outbound loans) is broken down into:

• Interest-free debt, where no interest or other return is charged
• Interest-bearing debt, where interest or other return is charged.

Table 9: IRP outbound loans, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

IRP outbound loans	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
Average debt balance	166,326	164,668	179,374	195,511	219,718
a) Interest-free	44,984	45,122	50,359	54,209	65,547
b) Interest-bearing	121,342	119,547	129,015	141,302	154,171
Interest revenue	3,716	2,820	2,431	4,837	7,932
Implied interest rate (%)	3.0%	2.3%	1.8%	3.4%	5.1%

Table 10: IRP outbound loans – entity counts, averages and medians, 2022–23 to 2023–24 income years

IRP outbound loans	Entities (no.) 2022–23	Average ($) 2022–23	Median ($) 2022–23	Entities (no.) 2023–24	Average ($) 2023–24	Median ($) 2023–24
Average debt balance	4,479	43,650,591	4,660,260	4,521	48,599,324	4,612,982
a) Interest-free	2,775	19,534,880	2,880,453	2,746	23,870,007	2,803,685
b) Interest-bearing	2,183	64,728,216	7,564,530	2,209	69,791,988	8,087,391
Interest revenue	2,165	2,234,379	231,368	2,198	3,608,777	384,154

For Table 9 and Table 10:

• Interest revenue includes interest revenue for accounting purposes and capitalised interest returned for income tax purposes.
• The implied interest rate is calculated on interest-bearing debt and excludes some interest where no average debt balance is disclosed due to data issues.
• Entity counts for interest-free and interest-bearing debt do not add to total entity counts because the same taxpayer may hold interest-free and interest-bearing debt.
• Counts, averages (means) and medians are calculated excluding zeros.

Download selected data from the 2015–16 income year onwards at Table 1External Link.

IRPDs by jurisdiction

This section provides statistics for total IRP expenditure and IRP revenue according to the jurisdiction or country where the related party is located.

Chart 8: Jurisdictions by IRPD value, 2023–24 income year

Download data for the 2023–24 income year at Table 3External Link.

Table 11: Top 10 jurisdictions by IRP expenditure, 2021–22 to 2023–24 income years

Jurisdiction (Top 10 rank)	IRP expenditure ($m) 2021–22	IRP expenditure ($m) 2022–23	IRP expenditure ($m) 2023–24	% share of total 2023–24	% growth 2022–23 to 2023–24	3-year average % growth
1. Singapore	84,374	129,068	121,649	29.7%	-5.7%	24.1%
2. United States	44,209	54,373	58,506	14.3%	7.6%	16.5%
3. Japan	24,477	25,620	29,529	7.2%	15.3%	11.8%
4. United Kingdom	23,257	33,437	25,564	6.2%	-23.5%	12.2%
5. Germany	18,630	21,863	22,350	5.5%	2.2%	9.5%
6. Switzerland	15,018	18,750	19,624	4.8%	4.7%	13.7%
7. Ireland	12,769	16,059	15,427	3.8%	-3.9%	13.2%
8. Netherlands	8,985	11,559	14,969	3.7%	29.5%	20.9%
9. Hong Kong	9,590	11,702	11,892	2.9%	1.6%	9.6%
10. South Korea	8,125	10,010	9,650	2.4%	-3.6%	13.3%
All other jurisdictions	67,729	78,952	80,185	19.6%	1.6%	10.6%

Table 12: Top 10 jurisdictions by IRP revenue, 2021–22 to 2023–24 income years

Jurisdiction (Top 10 rank)	IRP revenue ($m) 2021–22	IRP revenue ($m) 2022–23	IRP revenue ($m) 2023–24	% share of total 2023–24	% growth 2022–23 to 2023–24	3-year average % growth
1. Singapore	106,871	120,912	119,029	40.1%	-1.6%	13.0%
2. United States	29,953	36,049	42,125	14.2%	16.9%	17.9%
3. Switzerland	17,993	26,756	20,393	6.9%	-23.8%	21.3%
4. United Kingdom	13,818	14,967	17,757	6.0%	18.6%	9.4%
5. Japan	14,161	20,391	16,393	5.5%	-19.6%	13.1%
6. Hong Kong	11,758	15,992	14,127	4.8%	-11.7%	21.3%
7. China	8,277	10,421	12,019	4.1%	15.3%	27.8%
8. New Zealand	9,081	10,805	10,801	3.6%	-0.0%	10.9%
9. Netherlands	4,253	5,882	5,782	1.9%	-1.7%	31.0%
10. Ireland	4,022	4,503	4,552	1.5%	1.1%	7.6%
All other jurisdictions	27,610	32,880	33,772	11.4%	2.7%	9.1%

For Table 11 and Table 12:

• Top 10 rank reflects the ten countries or jurisdictions with the highest dollar value of IRP expenditure or of revenue in the 2023–24 income year.
• The sum of IRP expenditure or IRP revenue for all jurisdictions may not reconcile to total IRP expenditure or revenue elsewhere in these statistics due to source data limitations and differences. Refer to IRPD methodology for more information.

Download data from the 2016–17 income year onwards at Table 2External Link.

IRPD lodgments

This section provides statistics for IRPD lodgments by report type.

IRPD lodgments refers to lodgments by entities that disclose monetary IRPDs (excluding foreign exchange gains and losses) in the IDS or LFPA.

IRPD statistics for IRP expenditure and IRP revenue are sourced from processed:

• International dealings schedules (IDS)
• Local file – Part A (LFPA) lodgments from country-by-country (CBC) reporting entities, that are made up of entities that either
  • adopt the local file administrative solution (admin solution), and disclose IRPDs in the LFPA and not in the IDS
  • do not adopt the admin solution (non-admin solution), most of which disclose IRPDs in both the IDS and the LFPA.

For the 2023–24 income year:

• Chart 9 and Table 13 show that the IDS is the most common report type (by count) used to disclose IRPDs.
• Chart 10 and Table 14 show that CBC reporting entities that adopt the admin solution account for most IRP expenditure and IRP revenue (by dollar value).

Chart 9: IRPD lodgments by report type, 2023–24 income year

Table 13: Number of IRPD lodgments by income year and report type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

Report type	2019–20 (no.)	2020–21 (no.)	2021–22 (no.)	2022–23 (no.)	2023–24 (no.)
IDS	7,228	7,281	7,632	7,825	7,776
LFPA	3,915	4,038	4,157	4,446	4,647
a) Admin solution	2,698	2,860	2,980	3,183	3,411
b) Non-admin solution	1,217	1,178	1,177	1,263	1,236
Total	11,143	11,319	11,789	12,271	12,423

For Chart 9 and Table 13:

• Download data from the 2019–20 income year onwards at Table 3External Link.

Chart 10: Value of IRPD lodgments by report type, 2023–24 income year

Table 14: Value of IRPD lodgments by income year and report type, 2019–20 to 2023–24 income years

Report type	2019–20 ($m)	2020–21 ($m)	2021–22 ($m)	2022–23 ($m)	2023–24 ($m)
IDS	49,680	47,565	54,627	61,247	59,212
LFPA	434,452	427,349	511,385	649,895	645,593
a) Admin solution	374,960	379,964	479,109	610,578	606,921
b) Non-admin solution	59,491	47,385	32,276	39,317	38,673
Total	484,132	474,914	566,012	711,142	704,805

For Chart 10 and Table 14:

• Value refers to the total dollar value of IRP expenditure and IRP revenue.
• Download data from the 2019–20 income year onwards at Table 3External Link.