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International tax agreements

Information about international tax agreements affecting both residents and non-residents of Australia.

Last updated 1 June 2026

Our international tax agreements

This content provides general information about bilateral and multilateral international tax agreements that Australia has entered into:

Income tax treaties

The information on income tax treaties covers:

  • what they are and how they work
  • which countries or jurisdictions Australia has tax treaties with
  • how the Multilateral Instrument affects our tax treaties
  • how tax treaties affect
    • Australian residents earning foreign income
    • foreign residents earning Australian income.

Bilateral social security agreements

Australia has entered into a number of bilateral social security agreements with other countries to prevent double payment of superannuation.

Tax information exchange agreements

Taxation information exchange agreements (TIEAs) aim to eliminate harmful international tax avoidance and evasion practices by sharing information between OECD member countries and non-OECD committed jurisdictions.

Other international arrangements

Other international arrangements that Australia has entered into may affect the way residents and non-residents are taxed. The arrangements may address specific provisions that we have in place which affect the Australian tax liability of either Australian residents or foreign residents. Examples include:

  • Australia–United States joint space and defence projects
  • privileges and immunities for certain international organisations and diplomatic staff
  • the Timor Sea Treaty.

International exchange instruments are negotiated by the ATO with foreign jurisdictions to foster more effective and efficient partnerships. These instruments include memorandums of understanding (MOUs) and establish the framework for our collaboration.

Multilateral instrument

Find out about the multilateral instrument and how it modifies tax treaties to address multinational tax avoidance and resolve tax disputes.

Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters

The Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters (the Convention) is a freestanding multilateral agreement designed to promote international cooperation, with a particular view to combating tax avoidance and evasion. It provides for:

• the exchange of information

• the service of documents

• other forms of cooperation, including joint audits

• assistance in collection of outstanding tax liabilities.

For more information see:

Competent authority agreements and arrangements

Australia has entered into a number of competent authority agreementsExternal Link and arrangements that facilitate the exchange of information between tax authorities in participating jurisdictions.

Exchange of information

Australia participates in international exchange of information.

Proposed measures

The government is continually reviewing international tax arrangements. For information on how potential international legislative changes may affect you, see New legislation.

How to get in contact

Contact us on our Individuals enquiries line if you need to speak to an ATO customer service representative.

Specialist phone services available include:

 

How Australia's income tax treaties with other jurisdictions foster cooperation and prevent double taxation.

Current international arrangements which may affect the way residents and non-residents are taxed.

Describes the role of tax information exchange agreements in eliminating harmful tax practices.

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