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Ruling

Subject: Fringe Benefits Tax - reimbursement of expenses

Question 1

Where you reimburse up to $150 in relation to the following expenses, will the benefit give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under section 38 of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (FBTAA) in relation to the following:

(a) Gym membership fees

(b) Purchase of sporting equipment and sports shoes

(c) Personal training fees

(d) Sporting fees and membership fees, and

(e) Health programs (weight loss programs, dietary food, body composition/health assessment reports, stop smoking programs, nutritional supplements and health kits)?

Answers

(a) Yes

(b) No

(c) Yes

(d) Yes

(e) No

Question 2

Where the reimbursement gives rise to an expense payment benefit, will it be an exempt benefit?

Answer: Yes

Question 3

Where you provide corporate massages to your employees as part of a corporate occupational health and safety initiative, does this constitute the provision of entertainment and therefore give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under section 38 of the FBTAA?

Answer: No.

However, a residual fringe benefit may arise if the exemptions contained in sections 58M and 58P of the FBTAA do not apply

Question 4

Will the provision of gift vouchers (movie gift vouchers, accommodation vouchers, amusement tickets give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under section 38 of the FBTAA?

Answer: Yes

Question 5

Will the provision of a gift voucher purchased from a department store be an exempt benefit under section 58P of the FBTAA?

Answer: Yes, where the value of the voucher is less than $300

Relevant facts and circumstances

You are an income tax exempt body.

You recognise that a healthy lifestyle impacts every part of an employee's day to day work. Accordingly, you have introduced an organisation wide employee Wellness Program for the purpose of encouraging overall health through physical activity.

The program allows for the reimbursement of expenses up to $150 per financial year incurred by employees that fall within one of the following approved categories that are directly related to health or fitness:

· Gym memberships,

· Sports shoes and sporting equipment e.g. home gym equipment, boxing bags, weight sets, sports clothes, sporting equipment (such as bats, balls, oars and racquets), exercise DVD's and WII Fit game purchases,

· Personal training e.g. group exercise sessions, boot camps, one-on-one training sessions and exercise consultations,

· Sport fees and memberships e.g. dance classes, self defence classes, entry fee's into sporting events (e.g. marathons), sport memberships (e.g. golf, cricket, netball etc), bowling tournament entry fees and swim passes, and

· Health programs e.g. weight loss programs, dietary food, body composition assessment/health assessment reports, stop smoking programs, nutritional supplements and health kits.

A single item valued at $150 per employee per financial year, or several items that together total $150 are acceptable under the program. However, only one claim per employee is able to be made per financial year.

To claim a reimbursement, employees must complete a personal expense voucher and have it approved by their manager. The reimbursement is then made directly to the employee's bank account by you.

Rewards and Recognition Program

You recognise employees for excellent performance or on completion of major projects/milestones. Your employees may receive the following gifts throughout the year as a reward:

· Movie gift vouchers,

· Accommodation vouchers,

· Amusement tickets, or

· a gift voucher purchased at a department store.

Corporate Massages

You allow your employees who conduct high-volume processing work to attend massage appointments on a regular basis as an occupational health and safety initiative. Generally, the massage therapies are aimed at relieving stress and alleviating muscular or ligament tension resulting from computer-related work.

The massages are provided during work hours at a location other than on your business premises. You pay for the services, provided to your employees, directly to the external provider.

Reasons for decision

Question 1

Will a reimbursement of the following employee expenses give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under section 38 of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (FBTAA):

(a) Gym membership fees

(b) Purchase of sporting equipment and sports shoes

(c) Personal training fees

(d) Sporting fees and membership fees, and

(e) Health programs (weight loss programs, dietary food, body composition/health assessment reports, stop smoking programs, nutritional supplements and health kits)?

Under the arrangement you will reimburse an amount of up to $150 for one of the listed expenses. Generally, a reimbursement will be an expense payment benefit as defined in section 20 of the FBTAA.

However, if the expenditure is in respect to the provision of entertainment it can be a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit. As some of the benefits for which you will be reimbursing your employees relate to the provision of entertainment, the initial question to consider is whether the reimbursement is a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit.

Is the reimbursement a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit?

Tax-exempt body entertainment benefits are defined in section 38 of the FBTAA, which states:

Where, at a particular time, a person (in this section referred to as the "provider") incurs non-deductible exempt entertainment expenditure that is wholly or partly in respect of the provision, in respect of the employment of an employee, of entertainment to a person (in this section referred to as the "recipient") being the employee or an associate of the employee, the incurring of the expenditure shall be taken to constitute a benefit provided by the provider to the recipient at that time in respect of that employment.

The term 'non-deductible exempt entertainment expenditure' is defined in subsection 136(1) to mean:

non-deductible entertainment expenditure to the extent to which it is not incurred in producing assessable income.

Non-deductible entertainment expenditure is also defined in subsection 136(1) as:

a loss or outgoing to the extent to which:

(a) section 32-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 applies to it, or would apply if it were incurred in producing assessable income; and

(b) apart from that section, it would be deductible under section 8-1 of that Act, or would be if it were incurred in producing assessable income;

Section 32-5 of the ITAA 1997 states:

To the extent that you incur a loss or outgoing in respect of providing ^*entertainment, you cannot deduct it under section 8-1. However, there are exceptions, which are set out in Subdivision 32-B.

Therefore, a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit arises where the following conditions are satisfied:

entertainment is provided to an employee (or an associate of the employee)

the expenditure incurred in providing the entertainment was not incurred in producing assessable income, and

section 32-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997) would have prevented the person who incurred the expenditure from claiming an income tax deduction for the expenditure under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997 if it had been incurred in producing assessable income.

(i) Did the expenses being reimbursed constitute the provision of entertainment?

Subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA states that 'entertainment has the meaning given by section 32-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997'.

Subsection 32-10(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997) defines 'entertainment' as:

(a) entertainment by way of food, drink or recreation, or

(b) accommodation or travel to do with providing entertainment by way of food, drink or recreation.

'Recreation' is defined under subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA as;

(a) amusement;

(b) sport or similar leisure-time pursuits; and

(c) recreation or amusement provided on, or by means of, a vehicle, ship, vessel or aircraft.

The Macquarie Dictionary provides the following meaning of recreation:

1. refreshment by means of some pastime, agreeable exercise, or the like.

2. a pastime, diversion, exercise, or other resource affording relaxation and enjoyment.

3. the act of recreating.

4. the state of being recreated.

The Macquarie Dictionary provides the following definition of amusement:

1. the state of being amused; enjoyment.

2. that which amuses; pastime; entertainment

3. a mechanical entertainment, as a merry-go-round at a fair.

In your application you provided five examples of expenses that are able to be reimbursed. Guidance for determining if these expenses constitute the provision of entertainment is provided by paragraphs 2 and 3 of Taxation determination TD 94/55: Income tax: when does providing an item of property constitute the provision of entertainment within the meaning of subsection 51AE(3) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936?

Paragraphs 2 and 3 of TD 94/55 state:

2. In determining whether providing an item of property constitutes the provision of entertainment, regard should be had to all the circumstances of the case. In particular, regard should be given to the character of the entertainment to be derived from the item of property provided. This character is distinct from the property itself and relates to the immediate and active use of the property.

3. In practice, the provision of entertainment can be determined by reference to the following characteristics:

Timeliness

- entertainment occurs soon after provision of the item of property;

- the usefulness of the item of property expires after consumption; or

- the item of property is returned at the completion of use.

Direct Connection

There should be a direct connection between the item of property and the entertainment:

- the entertainment should arise from the use of the item of property;

- the entertainment is the expected outcome of the provision of the property.

TD 94/55 provides examples of costs which generally will not constitute the provision of entertainment and costs that generally will constitute the provision of entertainment. The examples given are:

Costs incurred in the giving of items of property, such as bottled spirits, groceries, games, TV sets, VCRs, computers, crockery, swimming pools, gardening equipment, etc; have an enduring character, and only an indirect nexus to any immediate entertainment. Consumption is usually delayed. The items of property usually require further steps before they can be consumed, and consumption can occur over a long period.

TD 94/55 also provides examples of costs that will constitute the provision of entertainment. The examples given are:

Costs incurred in providing glasses of champagne, hot meals, theatre tickets, holiday accommodation, hired entertainers, and hired sporting equipment, have a dynamic and immediate character. Consumption can usually occur immediately. These items of property do not last beyond initial consumption (or are to be returned at the end of the hire period).

(ii) Was the entertainment expenditure incurred in producing assessable income?

As you are not subject to income tax the expenditure will not be incurred in producing assessable income.

(iii) If the expenditure had been incurred in producing assessable income would section 32-5 of the ITAA 1997 have prevented an income tax deduction being claimed for the expenditure?

The tables in sections 32-30 to 32-50 of the ITAA 1997 set out the situations in which section 32-5 does not prevent a deduction being claimed for entertainment expenses. For example, item 1.5 of the table in section 32-30 enables a deduction to be claimed for providing a facility for recreation on property you occupy, if the facility is mainly operated for your employees to use. However, this exception does not apply if the facility is for accommodation or dining or drinking (unless it is a food or drink vending machine).

If the entertainment expenditure does not come within one of the exceptions the reimbursement will constitute the provision of a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit.

Conclusion

In applying the reasoning above to your situation the following conclusions have been made:

(a) Gym membership fees

Constitute the provision of recreation and is therefore a tax exempt body entertainment benefit.

(b) Purchase of sporting equipment and sports shoes

Does not constitute the provision of entertainment and is therefore not a tax exempt body entertainment benefit but an expense payment benefit.

(c) Personal training fees

Constitute the provision of recreation and is therefore a tax exempt body entertainment benefit.

(d) Sporting fees and membership fees

Constitute the provision of recreation and therefore are a tax exempt body entertainment benefit.

(e) Health programs (weight loss programs, dietary food, body composition/health assessment reports, stop smoking programs, nutritional supplements and health kits)?

Does not constitute the provision of entertainment and are therefore not tax exempt body entertainment benefits but expense payment benefits.

Question 2

Where the reimbursement gives rise to an expense payment benefit, will it be an exempt benefit?

As discussed above, the reimbursement of the cost of purchasing sporting equipment or the cost of a health program will be an expense payment benefit. This will be an exempt benefit if the requirements of either section 58M or section 58P are satisfied.

Will the benefits be an exempt benefit under paragraph 58M(1)(a)?

Paragraph 58M(1) provides that certain expense payment benefits will be an exempt benefit. For the purpose of this ruling the relevant exemptions are those provided for:

· 'work-related medical screening of an employee;

· 'work-related preventative health care' of an employee; and

· 'work-related counselling' of an employee or an associate of the employee.

'Work-related medical screening', 'work-related preventative health care' and 'work-related counselling are defined in subsection 136(1) of the FBTAA.

In general terms, 'work-related medical screening is an examination or test carried out by or on behalf of a medical practitioner to ascertain whether the employee has suffered, is suffering or is at risk of suffering from work-related trauma that is made available to all employees who:

· are likely to have suffered, be suffering or be at risk of suffering from similar work-related trauma;

· perform their duties of employment at or near the place where the employee performs the duties of his or her employment; and

· whose duties are similar to those of the employee.

In general terms, 'work-related preventative health care' is care provided by, or on behalf of a medical practitioner in order to prevent the employee suffering from 'work-related trauma' that is made available to all employees who:

· are likely to be at risk of suffering from similar work-related trauma;

· perform their duties of employment at or near the place where the employee performs the duties of his or her employment; and

· whose duties are similar to those of the employee.

In general terms, 'work related counselling' is counselling attended by the employee which gives effect to an objective, purpose plan or policy devised, adopted or required to be followed by the employer to improve or maintain the quality of employees' duties which relates to one of the listed matters and is not provided wholly or principally as a reward for services rendered or to be rendered by the employee.

In considering these definitions, the sporting equipment and sports shoes will not come within any of these categories. However, the health programs may come within the categories if the particular arrangement satisfies the listed conditions. Where the conditions are satisfied the expense payment benefit will be an exempt benefit under section 58M.

Where the exemption in section 58M does not apply it is necessary to consider whether the benefit is an exempt minor benefit under section 58P of the FBTAA.

Section 58P of the FBTAA states:

(f) Where:

(a) a benefit (in this section called a "minor benefit'') is provided in, or in respect of, a year of tax (in this section called the "current year of tax'') in respect of the employment of an employee of an employer;

(b) the benefit is not an airline transport benefit;

(c) in the case of an expense payment benefit, a property benefit or a residual benefit - if the minor benefit were an expense payment fringe benefit, a property fringe benefit or a residual fringe benefit, as the case may be, in relation to the employer, the expense payment fringe benefit, the property fringe benefit or the residual fringe benefit, as the case requires, would not be an in-house fringe benefit;

(d) in the case of a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit where the provider incurs non-deductible exempt entertainment expenditure that is wholly or partly in respect of the provision of entertainment to the employee or an associate of the employee:

(i) the provision of entertainment to the employee or the associate of the employee, as the case may be:

(A) is incidental to the provision of entertainment to outsiders; and

(B) neither consists of, nor is provided in connection with, the provision of a meal (other than a meal consisting of light refreshments) to the employee or the associate of the employee, as the case may be; or

(ii) the entertainment is provided to the employee or the associate of the employee, as the case may be:

(A) on eligible premises of the employer; and

(B) solely as a means of recognising the special achievements of the employee in a matter relating to the employment of the employee;

(e) the notional taxable value of the minor benefit in relation to the current year of tax is less than $300; and

(f) having regard to:

(i) the infrequency and irregularity with which associated benefits, being benefits that are identical or similar to:

(A) the minor benefit; or

(B) benefits provided in connection with the provision of the minor benefit;

have been or can reasonably be expected to be provided;

(ii) the amount that is, or might reasonably be expected to be, the sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and any associated benefits, being benefits that are identical or similar to the minor benefit, in relation to the current year of tax or any other year of tax;

(iii) the amount that is, or might reasonably be expected to be, the sum of the notional taxable values of any other associated benefits in relation to the current year of tax or any other year of tax;

(iv) the practical difficulty for the employer in determining the notional taxable values in relation to the current year of tax of:

(A) if the minor benefit is not a car benefit - the minor benefit; and

(B) if there are any associated benefits that are not car benefits - those associated benefits; and

(v) the circumstances surrounding the provision of the minor benefit and any associated benefits including, but without limiting the generality of the foregoing:

(A) whether the benefit concerned was provided to assist the employee to deal with an unexpected event; and

(B) whether the benefit concerned was provided otherwise than wholly or principally by way of a reward for services rendered, or to be rendered, by the employee;

it would be concluded that it would be unreasonable to treat the minor benefit as a fringe benefit in relation to the employer in relation to the current year of tax;

the minor benefit is an exempt benefit in relation to the current year of tax.

Guidance on the possible application of section 58P is contained within Taxation Ruling TR 2007/12. In summarising the requirements of section 58, paragraphs 8 to 12 of TR 2007/12 state:

8. A minor benefit is an exempt benefit under section 58P where:

· the notional taxable value of the minor benefit is less than $300; and

· it would be concluded that it would be unreasonable, having regard to the specified criteria in paragraph 58P(1)(f), to treat the minor benefit as a fringe benefit.

9. In considering the application of the exemption under section 58P it is necessary to look to the nature of the benefit provided and give due weight to each of the criteria. The weight given to each criterion will also vary depending on the circumstances surrounding the provision of each benefit.

10. Section 58P does not apply to exempt all benefits that have a notional taxable value of less than $300.

11. First, there are certain benefits that are specifically excluded from section 58P. These are:

· airline transport benefits;

· expense payment benefits where, if the benefit was an expense payment fringe benefit, it would be an in-house fringe benefit;

· property benefits where, if the benefit was a property fringe benefit, it would be an in-house fringe benefit; and

· residual benefits where, if the benefit was a residual fringe benefit, it would be an in-house fringe benefit.

12. Secondly, where:

· ·   tax-exempt body entertainment is provided, and

· ·   the provider incurs non-deductible exempt entertainment expenditure that is wholly or partly in respect of the provision of entertainment to an employee or an associate of the employee,

such benefits are excluded from consideration for exemption under section 58P, except in two limited circumstances.

In applying these guidelines it is necessary to consider:

(i) whether the benefit is one of the benefits listed in paragraphs 11 and 12 of TR 2007/12;

(ii) whether the notional taxable value of the benefit is less than $300; and

(iii) whether it would be unreasonable having regard to the specified criteria in paragraph 58P(1)(f) to treat the benefit as a fringe benefit.

(i) Is the benefit is one of the benefits listed in paragraphs 11 and 12 of TR 2007/12?

Paragraphs 11 of 12 of TR 2007/12 set out the benefits that will not be an exempt minor benefit even where the value is less than $300. The benefits listed are airline transport benefits, in-house benefits and most tax-exempt body entertainment benefits. A reimbursement of the expenses will not come within any of these categories.

(ii) Is the notional taxable value of the benefit less than $300?

The definition of 'notional taxable value' in subsection 136(1) provides that the 'notional taxable value' of the benefit will be the amount that would be the taxable value if the benefit was a fringe benefit.

The taxable value of an expense payment fringe benefit that arises from a reimbursement will generally be the amount of the reimbursement.

As the maximum amount that will be reimbursed is $150 the notional taxable value will be less than $300.

(iii) Would it be unreasonable having regard to the specified criteria in paragraph 58P(1)(f) to treat the benefit as a fringe benefit?

Paragraph 58P(1)(f) contains five specific criteria which must be considered in determining whether it would be unreasonable to treat the benefit as a fringe benefit. The five criteria are:

· the infrequency and irregularity with which associated identical or similar benefits are provided;

· the sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and associated benefits which are identical or similar to the minor benefit;

· the sum of the notional taxable values of any other associated benefits;

· the practical difficulty in determining the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and any associated benefits; and

· the circumstances surrounding the provision of the minor benefit and any associated benefits.

For the purposes of the minor benefits exemption the term 'associated benefits' is defined in subsection 58P(2) of the FBTAA to mean a benefit that is any of the following:

· identical or similar to the minor benefit;

· provided in connection with the provision of the minor benefit; or

· identical or similar to a benefit provided in connection with the provision of the minor benefit.

In the context of the Program each of the reimbursements may be an associated benefit.

In considering each of the five criteria:

The infrequency and irregularity with which associated identical or similar benefits are provided

The employee may not receive any associated benefits. Even if the employee does receive a reimbursement in another calendar year, the employee will not receive more than two benefits in a particular FBT year. Therefore, the benefits will not be provided frequently, but they may be provided regularly (once per year).

The sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and associated benefits which are identical or similar to the minor benefit

The sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and associated benefits which are identical or similar will vary. It may be an amount that is less than $150, or where benefits are received over a number of years the sum of the values could be several hundred dollars.

In either case, the sum is likely to be a minimal amount.

The sum of the notional taxable values of any other associated benefits

Similarly, the sum of the notional taxable values of any other associated benefits is also likely to be a minimal amount.

The practical difficulty in determining the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and any associated benefits

As the benefit is the reimbursement of a specific amount there will be no practical difficulties in determining the notional taxable values.

The circumstances surrounding the provision of the minor benefit and any associated benefits

In considering the circumstances in which the benefit is provided, paragraph 58P(1)(v) provides that it is necessary to consider whether the benefit was provided to assist the employee to deal with an unexpected event and whether the benefit was provided as a reward for services rendered.

In considering these factors, the benefit was not provided to assist with an unexpected event and nor was it provided as a reward for services.

Conclusion

On balance, having regard to the various criteria in subparagraphs of 58P(1)(f)(i) - 58P(1)(f)(v) of the FBTAA, it can be concluded that it would be unreasonable to treat a reimbursement of the expenses that do not constitute the provision of a tax exempt body entertainment benefit, as a fringe benefit.

Accordingly, a reimbursement provided to an employee which does not constitute the provision of tax exempt body entertainment and is not an exempt benefit under section 58M will be an exempt minor benefit under section 58P of the FBTAA.

Question 3

Where a corporate massage is provided as part of a corporate occupational health and safety initiative, does this constitute the provision of entertainment and therefore give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under section 38 of the FBTAA?

As per the reasoning in question 1, to determine if the corporate massages give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit it is firstly necessary to establish if the expense being reimbursed constitutes the provision of entertainment.

You will engage an external corporate massage specialist to provide massages to employees engaged in your Call Centre who wish to avail themselves of the service provided. The purpose of the massages is to assist in relieving stress and alleviating muscular or ligament tension resulting from computer-related work.

Whilst it is arguable that the massages may fall within the definition of recreation by affording relaxation and enjoyment, the purposes of the massages are not intended for entertainment but rather for assisting in relieving stress and alleviating muscular or ligament tension resulting from computer-related work.

Therefore, as entertainment has not been provided to an employee, a tax-exempt body entertainment benefit does not arise.

However, the provision of a massage is a benefit that will be a residual benefit. Depending upon the facts of the situation, the massages may be an exempt benefit under section 58M as 'work-related preventative health care' or an exempt minor benefit under section 58P.

Question 4

Will the provision of movie gift vouchers, accommodation vouchers or amusement tickets give rise to a tax exempt body entertainment benefit under Section 38 of the FBTAA?

In applying the reasoning in Question 1, and in particular the guidelines in Paragraphs 2 and 3 of TD 94/55, the provision of movie gift vouchers, accommodation vouchers and amusement tickets to your employees will constitute the provision of entertainment and will be a tax exempt body entertainment benefit as per section 38 of the FBTAA.

Question 5

Will the provision of a voucher purchased from a department store be an exempt benefit under section 58P of the FBTAA?

In applying the reasoning in Question 1, and in particular the guidelines in Paragraphs 2 and 3 of TD 94/55, the provision of the non-specific gift vouchers will not constitute the provision of entertainment and therefore will not be a tax exempt body entertainment benefit. Rather, the benefits will be property benefits pursuant to section 40 of the FBTAA.

In applying the guidelines in section 58P of the FBTAA, as outlined in question 2, the following is considered in relation to the property benefits:

(i) Is the benefit is one of the benefits listed in paragraphs 11 and 12 of TR 2007/12?

As established above, the benefits being considered are property benefits which are not one of the benefits listed in paragraphs 11 of 12 of TR 2007/12.

(ii) Is the notional taxable value of the benefit less than $300?

This requirement will be satisfied where the value of the gift vouchers is less than $300.

(iii) Would it be unreasonable having regard to the specified criteria in paragraph 58P(1)(f) to treat the benefit as a fringe benefit?

In considering each of the five criteria:

The infrequency and irregularity with which associated identical or similar benefits are provided

The gift vouchers are given to an employee for excellent performance or upon completion of a milestone and, as such, have an ad hoc nature. Therefore, whilst an employee may receive more than one voucher in a particular year, vouchers which are identical or similar are not reasonably expected to be provided to an employee on a frequent and regular basis.

The sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and associated benefits which are identical or similar to the minor benefit

The sum of the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and associated benefits which are identical or similar will vary.

The sum of the notional taxable values of any other associated benefits

No other associated benefits will be provided.

The practical difficulty in determining the notional taxable values of the minor benefit and any associated benefits

As the benefit is a gift voucher of a specific value, there will not be practical difficulties in determining the notional taxable values.

The circumstances surrounding the provision of the minor benefit and any associated benefits

In considering these factors, the benefit was not provided to assist with an unexpected event. However, it was provided as a reward for services.

Conclusion

On balance, having regard to the various criteria in subparagraphs of 58P(1)(f)(i) - 58P(1)(f)(v) of the FBTAA, it can be concluded that it would be unreasonable to treat the benefits provided under the rewards and recognition program that do not constitute the provision of entertainment as a fringe benefit.

Accordingly, a gift voucher given to an employee under the rewards and recognition program that has a notional taxable value of less than $300 and does not constitute the provision of tax exempt body entertainment will be a minor benefit under section 58P of the FBTAA.