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Ruling

Subject: Transfer of benefits from a foreign superannuation fund

Question:

Is any part of the benefit transferred from an overseas pension fund (the Overseas Fund) to an Australian superannuation fund (the Fund) assessable as applicable fund earnings?

Answer: No.

This ruling applies for the following periods

Year ended 30 June 2011

The scheme commenced on

1 July 2010

Relevant facts and circumstances

You were an overseas resident and a member of an overseas pension fund (the Overseas Fund).

In the 2006-07 income year you became an Australian resident for tax purposes.

Since you became an Australian resident no contributions were made by you or anyone on your behalf to the Overseas Fund.

In the 2010-11 income year your benefits, in the form a lump sum, was transferred from the Overseas Fund to your complying Australian superannuation fund (the Fund).

The Fund is not a constitutionally protected fund.

The documentation from the Overseas Fund indicates that the transfer to the Fund resulted in you no longer having any benefits left in the Overseas Fund. It also indicates that a member cannot receive benefits before attaining retirement age.

A statement from the Overseas Fund has been supplied that shows your transfer value on the date that you became an Australian resident.

You are less than 55 years of age.

Relevant legislative provisions

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 295-95(2).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-60.

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-70.

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-70.

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-75.

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(2).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(3).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(5).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(6).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(1).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(4).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(6).

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 995-1(1).

Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 10

Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 19

Reasons for decision

Summary

The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payment paid from the foreign superannuation fund is calculated as zero.

Consequently, no amount of the lump sum payment will be included as assessable income in the 2010-11 income year.

Detailed reasoning

Lump sum payments transferred from foreign superannuation funds

From 1 July 2007 the applicable fund earnings in relation to a lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund, that is received more than six months after a person has become an Australian resident, will be assessable under section 305-70 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997). The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income.

The applicable fund earnings is subject to tax at the person's marginal rate. The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income.

The applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under either subsection 305-75(2) or (3) of the ITAA 1997. Subsection 305-75(2) applies where the person was an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person was not an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates.

Before determining whether an amount is assessable under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, it is necessary to ascertain whether the payment is being made from a foreign superannuation fund. If the entity making the payment is not a foreign superannuation fund then section 305-70 will not have any application.

Foreign superannuation fund

A foreign superannuation fund is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 as follows:

(a) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund at a time if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund at that time; and

(b) a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund for an income year if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund for the income year.

Subsection 295-95(2) of the ITAA 1997 defines Australian superannuation fund as follows:

A superannuation fund is an Australian superannuation fund at a time, and for the income year in which that time occurs, if:

(a) the fund was established in Australia, or any asset of the fund is situated in Australia at that time; and

(b) at that time, the central management and control of the fund is ordinarily in Australia; and

(c) at that time either the fund had no member covered by subsection (3) (an active member) or at least 50% of:

(i) the total market value of the funds assets attributable to superannuation interests held by active members; or

(ii) the sum of the amounts that would be payable to or in respect of active members if they voluntarily ceased to be members;

is attributable to superannuation interests held by active members who are Australian residents.

Thus, a superannuation fund that is established outside of Australia and has its central management and control outside of Australia would qualify as a foreign superannuation fund. The fact that some of its members may be Australian residents would not necessarily alter this.

Subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 defines a superannuation fund as having the same meaning given by section 10 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 (SIS Act), that is:

(a) a fund that:

(i) is an indefinitely continuing fund; and

(ii) is a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund;

or

(b) a public sector superannuation scheme;

Provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund

The High Court examined both the terms superannuation fund and fund in Scott v Commissioner of Taxation of the Commonwealth (No. 2) (1966) 10 AITR 290; (1966) 40 ALJR 265; (1966) 14 ATD 333 (Scott). In that case, Justice Windeyer stated:

…I have come to the conclusion that there is no essential single attribute of a superannuation fund established for the benefit of employees except that it must be a fund bona fide devoted as its sole purpose to providing for employees who are participants money benefits (or benefits having a monetary value) upon their reaching a prescribed age. In this connexion "fund", I take it, ordinarily means money (or investments) set aside and invested, the surplus income therefrom being capitalised. I do not put this forward as a definition, but rather as a general description.

The issue of what constitutes a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund was discussed by the Full Bench of the High Court in Mahony v Commissioner of Taxation (Cth) (1967) 41 ALJR 232; (1967) 14 ATD 519 (Mahony). In that case, Justice Kitto held that a fund had to exclusively be a 'provident, benefit or superannuation fund' and that 'connoted a purpose narrower than the purpose of conferring benefits in a completely general sense…". This narrower purpose meant that the benefits had to be 'characterised by some specific future purpose' such as the example given by Justice Kitto of a funeral benefit.

Furthermore, Justice Kitto's judgement indicated that a fund does not satisfy any of the three provisions, that is, 'provident, benefit or superannuation fund', if there exist provisions for the payment of benefits 'for any other reason whatsoever'. In other words, though a fund may contain provisions for retirement purposes, it could not be accepted as a superannuation fund if it contained provisions that benefits could be paid in circumstances other than those relating to retirement.

In section 62 of the SIS Act, a regulated superannuation fund must be 'maintained solely' for the 'core purposes' of providing benefits to a member when the events occur:

· on or after retirement from gainful employment; or

· attaining a prescribed age; and

· on the member's death. (this may require the benefits being passed on to a member's dependants or legal representative).

Notwithstanding the SIS Act applies only to 'regulated superannuation funds' (as defined in section 19 of the SIS Act), and foreign superannuation funds do not qualify as regulated superannuation funds as they are established and operate outside Australia, the Commissioner views the SIS Act (and the SIS Regulations) as providing guidance as to what 'benefit' or 'specific future purpose' a superannuation fund should provide.

In view of the legislation and the decisions made in Scott and Mahony, the Commissioner's view is that for a fund to be classified as a superannuation fund, it must exclusively provide a narrow range of benefits that are characterised by some specific future purpose. That is, the payment of superannuation benefits upon retirement, invalidity or death of the individual or as specified under the SIS Act.

Therefore, in order for the lump sum payment from the overseas pension fund (the Overseas Fund) to be considered a payment from a foreign superannuation fund as defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997, it must also satisfy the requirements set out in subsection 295-95(2) of the ITAA 1997. This means that it should not be an Australian superannuation fund as defined in that subsection but must be a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund as discussed above.

It is evident that the  Overseas Fund, the payer of the lump sum payment, is established outside of Australia. Similarly, the central management and control is outside of Australia. Further, a member in the Overseas Fund cannot start to receive benefits from it before attaining retirement age.

Therefore, on the basis of the information provided, the Commissioner considers the lump sum payment you received is from a foreign superannuation fund as defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997.

Applicable fund earnings

You became a resident of Australia for tax purposes in the 2006-07 income year and you received the lump sum payment from the Overseas Fund in the 2010-11 income year when it went into your Australian complying superannuation fund (the Fund). As this was more than 6 months after you became an Australian resident, section 305-70 applies to include the 'applicable fund earnings' in your assessable income.

The 'applicable fund earnings' are worked out under section 305-75. As mentioned earlier, subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person becomes an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates.

Subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 states:

If you become an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the

lump sum relates, the amount of your applicable fund earnings is the amount (not less than zero) worked out as follows:

(a) work out the total of the following amounts:

(i) The amount in the fund that was vested in you just before the day (the start day) you first became an Australian resident during the period;

(ii) the part of the payment that is attributable to contributions to the fund made by or in respect of you during the remainder of the period;

(iii) the part of the payment (if any) that is attributable to amounts transferred into the fund from any other *foreign superannuation fund during the period;

(b) subtract that total amount from the amount in the fund that was vested in you when the lump sum was paid (before any deduction for *foreign tax);

(c) multiply the resulting amount by the proportion of the total days during the period when you were an Australian resident;

(d) add the total of all previously exempt fund earnings (if any) covered by subsections (5) and (6).

In short, you are assessed only on the income earned (the accretion) in respect of the Overseas Fund less any contributions you made since you became a resident of Australia. Further, any amounts representative of earnings during periods of non-residency, and transfers into the paying fund do not form part of the taxable amount when the overseas benefit is paid.

Foreign currency conversion

Subsection 960-50(1) of the ITAA 1997 states that an amount in a foreign currency is to be translated into Australian dollars. The applicable fund earnings is the result of a calculation from two other amounts and subsection 960-50(4) states when applying section 960-50 to amounts that are elements in the calculation of another amount you need to:

(a) first, translate any amounts that are elements in the calculation of other amounts (except special accrual amounts); and

(b) then, calculate the other amounts

Amounts to be used in calculation

The documentation provided shows your benefits in the Overseas Fund at the time that you became a resident of Australia and that amount has been converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on the day before you became an Australian resident.

No contributions were made to the Overseas Fund by you or anyone on your behalf after you became an Australian resident.

No amounts appeared to have been transferred into the Overseas Fund from other foreign superannuation funds during the period.

In the 2010-11 income year, your benefits in the Overseas Fund were paid out to you in the form of a once-off lump sum which was directly deposited by the Overseas Fund into your Fund. Therefore this is the amount vested in you when the lump sum was paid. This is converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on that day and was present in the documentation provided.

'The period' for the purposes of paragraph 305-75(3)(c) of the ITAA 1997 commences on the day on which the person first became an Australian resident and ceases on the day the lump sum is paid. In your case, that period is from a date in the 2006-07 income year to a date in 2010-11 income year which shows you were a resident for the whole of that period. Therefore, the Australian resident days and the total days are the same, and so the proportion to be used in the calculation is 1.

There are no previously exempt fund earnings in relation to the lump sum.

Calculation of the assessable amount of the payment from foreign superannuation fund

In your case, the calculation made under subsection 305-70(3) of the ITAA 1997 shows there was no growth in the Overseas Fund while you were a resident of Australia as the calculation results in a figure which is less than zero.

Subsection 305-70(3) of the ITAA 1997 states that the applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under this provision which is not less than zero. In this instance, as the amount worked out is less than zero the applicable fund earnings amount under subsection 307-75(3) is nil.

Accordingly, no part of the lump sum payment received by from the Overseas Fund is to be included as assessable 'applicable fund earnings' in the 2010-11 income year.

Conclusion:

No part of the lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund which was transferred to your Australian superannuation fund is assessable as the applicable fund earnings relating to the payment is nil.