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Ruling

Subject: Lump sum payment from foreign pension scheme

Question

Is any part of the benefits transferred from your client's Pension Account 1, a pension scheme in an overseas country to an Australian superannuation fund assessable as applicable fund earnings under section 305-75 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997)?

No

Is any part of the benefits transferred to an Australian superannuation fund from your client's Pension Account 2 assessable as applicable fund earnings under section 305-75 of the ITAA 1997?

No.

This ruling applies for the following period:

2010-11 income year

The scheme commences on:

1 July 2010

Relevant facts and circumstances

Your client migrated to Australia during the 2009-10 income year as a permanent resident.

Your client held two interests in the Pension Fund, a pension fund in the overseas countrty, Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2.

You advised us of the value of Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 on the date your client became a resident of Australia.

On two different dates during the 2010-11 income year, and more than six months after becoming a resident of Australia, your client received a lump sum payment from Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2.

Your client transferred Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 in full to Australia.

Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 were then closed in the overseas country.

There have been no contributions to Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 since your client migrated to Australia.

There have been no transfers into Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 from other foreign pension schemes by your client since becoming a resident of Australia.

Funds cannot be accessed from Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 other than at retirement.

Your client paid the lump sum payments from Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 to a complying Australian superannuation fund.

Relevant legislative provisions

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 295-95(2)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-70

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-70(1)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Section 305-75

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75(2)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (3)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (5)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 305-75 (6)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 306-70

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(1)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 960-50(4)

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 Subsection 995-1(1)

Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 10

Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 19

Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 Section 62

Reasons for decision

Summary

The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payment paid from Pension Account 1 is calculated as zero.

Consequently, no amount of the lump sum payment from Pension Account 1 will be included in your client's assessable income in the 2010-11 income year.

The 'applicable fund earnings' in respect of the lump sum payment paid from Pension Account 2 is calculated as zero.

Consequently, no amount of the lump sum payment from Pension Account 2 will be included in your client's assessable income in the 2010-11 income year.

Detailed reasoning

Lump sum payments transferred from foreign superannuation funds

From 1 July 2007 the applicable fund earnings in relation to a lump sum payment from a foreign superannuation fund, that is received more than six months after a person has become an Australian resident, will be assessable under section 305-70 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997). The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income.

The applicable fund earnings is subject to tax at the person's marginal rate. The remainder of the lump sum payment is not assessable income and is not exempt income.

The applicable fund earnings is the amount worked out under either subsection 305-75(2) or (3) of the ITAA 1997. Subsection 305-75(2) applies where the person was an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates. Subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person was not an Australian resident at all times during the period to which the lump sum relates.

Before determining whether an amount is assessable under section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, it is necessary to ascertain whether the payment is being made from a foreign superannuation fund. If the entity making the payment is not a foreign superannuation fund then section 305-70 will not have any application.

Foreign superannuation fund

A foreign superannuation fund is defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 as follows:

a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund at a time if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund at that time; and

a superannuation fund is a foreign superannuation fund for an income year if the fund is not an Australian superannuation fund for the income year.

Under the definition of Australian superannuation fund in subsection 295-95(2) of the ITAA 1997 a superannuation fund that is established outside of Australia and has its central management and control outside of Australia would qualify as a foreign superannuation fund. The fact that some of its members may be Australian residents would not necessarily alter this.

Subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997 defines a superannuation fund as having the same meaning given by section 10 of the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 (SIS Act), which requires that the fund is a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund.

Provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund

The issue of what constitutes a provident, benefit, superannuation or retirement fund was discussed by the Full Bench of the High Court in Mahony v. Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1967) 41 ALJR 232; (1967) 14 ATD 519 (Mahony).

In that case, Justice Kitto's judgement indicated that a fund does not satisfy any of the three provisions, that is, 'provident, benefit or superannuation fund', if there exist provisions for the payment of benefits 'for any other reason whatsoever'. In other words, though a fund may contain provisions for retirement purposes, it could not be accepted as a superannuation fund if it contained provisions that benefits could be paid in circumstances other than those relating to retirement.

In section 62 of the SIS Act, a regulated superannuation fund must be 'maintained solely' for the 'core purposes' of providing benefits to a member when the events occur:

on or after retirement from gainful employment; or

attaining a prescribed age; and

on the member's death (this may require the benefits being passed on to a member's dependants or legal representative).

Notwithstanding the SIS Act applies only to 'regulated superannuation funds' (as defined in section 19 of the SIS Act), and foreign superannuation funds do not qualify as regulated superannuation funds as they are established and operate outside Australia, the Commissioner views the SIS Act (and the SIS Regulations) as providing guidance as to what 'benefit' or 'specific future purpose' a superannuation fund should provide.

It is evident that the payer of the lump sum payments, the Pension Fund, is established outside of Australia. Similarly, the central management and control is outside of Australia.

On the basis of the information provided, the Commissioner considers that the Pension Fund is a foreign superannuation fund as defined in subsection 995-1(1) of the ITAA 1997.

Applicable fund earnings

Your client became a resident of Australia for tax purposes during the 2009-10 income year and your client received the lump sum payment in respect of Pension Account 1 and of Pension Account 2 during the 2010-11 income year. As this was more than six months after your client became an Australian resident, section 305-70 applies to include the 'applicable fund earnings' in your client's assessable income.

The 'applicable fund earnings' are worked out under section 305-75. As mentioned earlier, subsection 305-75(3) applies where the person becomes an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates.

Subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 states:

If you become an Australian resident after the start of the period to which the lump sum relates, the amount of your applicable fund earnings is the amount (not less than zero) worked out as follows:

work out the total of the following amounts:

The amount in the fund that was vested in you just before the day (the start day) you first became an Australian resident during the period;

the part of the payment that is attributable to contributions to the fund made by or in respect of you during the remainder of the period;

the part of the payment (if any) that is attributable to amounts transferred into the fund from any other foreign superannuation fund during the period;

subtract that total amount from the amount in the fund that was vested in you when the lump sum was paid (before any deduction for foreign tax);

multiply the resulting amount by the proportion of the total days during the period when you were an Australian resident;

add the total of all previously exempt fund earnings (if any) covered by subsections (5) and (6).

In short, your client is assessed only on the income earned (the accretion) in respect of Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 less any contributions your client made since your client became a resident of Australia. Further, any amounts representative of earnings during periods of non-residency, and transfers into the paying fund do not form part of the taxable amount when the overseas benefit is paid.

Foreign currency conversion

Subsection 960-50(1) of the ITAA 1997 states that an amount in a foreign currency is to be translated into Australian dollars (A$). The applicable fund earnings is the result of a calculation from two other amounts and subsection 960-50(4) states that when applying section 960-50 to amounts that are elements in the calculation of another amount you need to:

(a) first, translate any amounts that are elements in the calculation of other amounts (except special accrual amounts); and

(b) then, calculate the other amounts.

The table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 sets out the translation rules. Only the following items are relevant to determining the issue in your case:

item 11 which deals with a receipt or payment to which none of the other items apply, and

item 11A which applies to amounts that are neither receipts nor payments and to which none of the other items apply.

Item 11 of the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 applies to a receipt or payment where none of the other items applies. The payment your client finally received is not included in any of the other items in the table so it will fall within item 11. Under this item, the payment is translated into Australian dollars at the exchange rate applicable at the time of receipt.

When the amount in the foreign fund that was vested in your client just before they became a resident of Australia (subparagraph 305-75(3)(a)(i) of the ITAA 1997) is determined, there is no actual receipt or payment of an amount. All that occurs is a determination of the vested amount expressed in the foreign currency.

Regulation 960-50.01 of the Income Tax Assessment Regulations 1997 (ITAR) modifies the table in subsection 960-50(6) of the ITAA 1997 to include item 11A that applies to amounts other than receipts and payments, and for which none of the other items apply. Consequently the vested amount is translated into Australian dollars at an exchange rate that is reasonable having regard to the circumstances.

Therefore, for the purposes of section 305-70 of the ITAA 1997, the 'applicable fund earnings' should be calculated by translating the amount received from the foreign fund at the exchange rate applicable on the day of receipt to Australian dollars and deducting from this amount the Australian dollar equivalent of the amount vested in the fund at the exchange rate applicable just before the day you first became an Australian resident.

Amounts to be used in calculation

You advised that the value of the benefit in Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 on the day before your client became a resident of Australia. This is converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on that day.

From the facts provided no contributions have been made to Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 since your client migrated to Australia. There have been no transfers into Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 from other foreign pension schemes by your client since becoming a resident of Australia.

During the 2010-11 income year, your client's benefits in Pension Account 1 was paid out to your client in the form of a one-off lump sum which was transferred directly into a complying Australian superannuation fund. Therefore this is the amount vested in your client when the lump sum was paid. This is converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on that day.

During the 2010-11 income year, your client's benefits in Pension Account 2 was also paid out to your client in the form of a one-off lump sum which was transferred directly into a complying Australian superannuation fund. Therefore this is the amount vested in your client when the lump sum was paid. This is converted into Australian dollars at the exchange rate that applied on that day.

'The period' for the purposes of paragraph 305-75(3)(c) of the ITAA 1997 commences on the day on which the person first became an Australian resident and ceases on the day the lump sum is paid. Your client was a resident for the whole of both of these periods. Therefore, the Australian resident days and the total days are the same, and so the proportion to be used in each calculation is 1.

There are no previously exempt fund earnings in relation to the lump sum.

Pension Account 1

Applying subsection 305-75(3) of the ITAA 1997 to your client's circumstances, the amounts to be used in calculating the applicable fund earnings for Pension Account 1 are as follows:

305-75(3)(a)(i) The amount, converted to Australian dollars, vested in your client before they became a resident of Australia

305-75(3)(a)(ii) Nil

305-75(3)(a)(iii) Nil

305-75(3)(b) The amount of the lump sum payment received, converted to Australian dollars

305-75(3)(c) 1

305-75(3)(d) Nil

Calculation of the assessable amount of the payment from Pension Account 1

In accordance with subsection 305-75 (3) of the ITAA 1997 the amounts determined at sub-paragraphs 305-75(3)(a)(i), (ii) and (iii) are added.

This total is then subtracted from the amount determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(b).

This figure is multiplied by the proportion of the total days determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(c).

To this figure we add the amounts determined under paragraph 305-75(3)(d).

As the amount is less than zero, no amount of the lump sum payment from Pension Account 1 will be included as assessable 'applicable fund earnings' in your client's tax return for the 2010-11 income year.

Pension Account 2

Calculation of the assessable amount of the payment from Pension Account 2

The method of calculating the applicable fund earnings for Pension Account 2 is the same as for pension fund 1.

As the amount is less than zero, no amount of the lump sum payment from Pension Account 2 will be included as assessable 'applicable fund earnings' in your client's tax return for 2010-11 income year.

Conclusion:

No part of the lump sum payments from Pension Account 1 and Pension Account 2 which were transferred to your client's Australian superannuation fund are assessable as the applicable fund earnings relating to the payments are nil.

Further issues for you to consider

It is noted that in this case the taxpayer had two interests in the Pension Fund, which your client transferred to a complying Australian superannuation fund on two different dates.

Had the applicable fund earnings in this case not been nil, the choice in section 305-80 of the ITAA 1997 would not have been available to your client in respect of the transfer of Pension Account 2 during the 2010-11 income year.

This is because your client still had an interest in the Pension Fund, namely Pension Account 1.